Alpha particle:Charged particles emitted from a radioactive atom. Each charged particle consists of two protons and two neutrons.
Atom:这是一个元素的最小单位。它包含ns a nucleus with neutrons and protons, surrounded by orbiting electrons.
Atomic mass:The mass of an atom usually expressed as atomic mass unit (amu).
Beta particle:（通常指定的β射线）从放射性原子发出的带电粒子。除了充电之外，这些颗粒是相同的。电荷被归类为正（正电子）或负（电子或否定）。
Cathode rays:Electrons originating at the cathodes of gaseous discharge devices. These electrons are often focused in a small area such as a tube and intensified on a surface. The most familiar form of a cathode-ray tube is the television picture tube.
电导率：The ratio of electric current to the electric field in a material. Passage of electric charge which can occur a variety of ways such as passage of electrons or ionized atoms.
Electrons:负电荷粒子，其绕原子的核。它的重量比质子或中子更轻。
Elements:元素是由具有相同原子序数的原子组成的物质。75％的元素是金属，其他元素是非金属。一些实例是氧气，铁，金，氯和铀。
Fluorescence:电子吸收能量辐射（例如紫外线）向更高的“BOHR”轨道上升高电子。通电电子即将通过较低能量状态下降到一系列步骤中，并且在该过程中，在对应于可见光的较低能量状态下释放光子。出现鲜艳的颜色，因为光子集中在窄范围的波长范围内。
Half-life:放射性因素的一半核腐烂到另一种核形式需要的时间段。
同位素：在其核中具有相同数量的质子的原子，作为元素的其他品种，但具有不同数量的中子。
Magnetic field:所有磁场都是通过移动电荷而产生的。核周围的单个移动电子是微小的电流。这些轨道电子产生磁场及其净效应是提供具有磁场的原子。
中子：A particle with no charge that is located in the nucleus of an atom.
Nuclear physics:物理学的分支，包括研究原子核，它们彼此相互作用以及组成颗粒的研究。
Nucleus: The central part of every atom that contains protons and neutrons.
PitchBlende：棕色至黑色细小颗粒，无定形，各种铀酸盐，具有暗淡的光泽，含有少量铀。也称为间距矿石或纳斯图拉。
Phosphorescence:Luminescence that persists after a light source has been removed. Materials such as phosphors or phosphorogens are activated from a light source to emit the light in the form of photons of light.
Photosynthesis:The conversion of light to chemical energy. Using light energy, organic compounds are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll.
钋：化学元素，PO，原子编号84.它用于照相膜以降低静电电荷。
质子：正电荷的粒子位于原子的核中。
Radioactivity:A behavior of an element in which nuclei are undergoing change and emitting particles. This occurs naturally in approximately fifty elements. It can be produced artificially.
Radium:A chemical element, Ra, that has an atomic number 88. It is used as a source of neutrons and makes lightning rods more effective.
钍：具有原子序数90的化学元素Th。它用于太阳灯的制造。
Transmutation:一种核法，其中将一个核素转化到不同元素的核素中。
Uranium:具有原子序数92的化学元素U.它与几乎所有的非金属反应，用作核反应堆的燃料。
X rays:具有比可见光短的波长的隐形电磁辐射。当高能带电粒子与其他带电粒子或原子碰撞时，产生X射线。
