Radiant Energy System
本发明涉及用于在宽频率范围内接收和发射辐射能的装置，并且其目的在于提供这种装置，其在不需要诸如商业电流或电池之类的本地能源的情况下工作。
Another object of the invention is to provide in a radiant wave receiver a means including a rectifier and a magnetic pulsating generator whereby the incoming wave of low strength is instrumental in energizing said magnetic pulsating generator to produce a desired E. M. F.
A further object of the invention is to provide a chemical rectifier and a magnetic pulsating generator in a tuning circuit for accomplishing the foregoing mentioned objects.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved magnetic pulsating generator that is susceptible to comparatively weak electrical impulses.
本发明的另一个目的是提供各种有用的设备，包括无线电信号接收，通过该接收，入射波在不使用真空管或商业本地电源的情况下被整流和放大，直到其达到期望的E。M。F。启动一个使用工具，如扩音器。
这些和其他对象获得的意思described herein and disclosed in the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a wiring diagram of a radio receiving circuit showing schematically the chemical rectifiers and the magnetic pulsating generators of the invention.
图2是本发明改进的磁脉冲发生器的正面图。
图。图3和4分别是本发明的化学整流器的仰视和剖视图。
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram for a transmitter of radiant energy shown specifically for radio transmission.
图6是示出适于全波整流和放大到音频信号强度的无线电接收器连接的电路图。
无花果。7和8分别是可用于本发明的磁性麦克风的垂直剖面图和俯视图。
Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of a modified form of magnetic pulsating generator of the Invention.
This application is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 719,363, filed April 6, 1934.
本发明利用了从无论源的完全辐射能量波或一半的波浪，并且适于没有局部商用电力或电池的使用。
Circuits made up with the devices of the invention are also adaptable in other devices that utilize commercial or battery current.
在我校的有效体现t invention there is included essentially an antenna or other means for wave reception from broadcast or other source as the case may be in a suitable hook-up as suggested in the several drawings and the chemical rectifier or rectifiers and magnetic pulsating generator or generators. The vital elements of the invention in whatever embodiment it may be used are constituted by the chemical rectifier and the magnetic pulsating generator. The chemical rectifier may be made in several forms but consists essentially of an insulating container 10 having an outer grounded metallic coating II extending at least partly over the exterior and a top closure member 12 from which are suspended in insulated relation three electrodes of similar metals having low resistance to flow of electrical energy. These electrodes 13 and 14 are plate elements and 15 is a screen or reticulated element which is interposed between elements 13 and 14. Contained within the member 10 is a solution of mercuric salts, Rochelle salts, and water, in the proportion of about five parts mercuric salts, 5 parts zinc sulphate, 5 parts copper sulphate, ten parts Rochelle salts, and the balance water to make one hundred parts. It is understood that some variation in the proportions of the salts may be made. Proportions given are productive of good results.
电解液中的极板和屏蔽电极用于传统的热离子管，而不需要灯丝及其通电电流。
The electrodes are preferably of copper, but with a different chemical solution other conductive material of as low resistance to the flow of electrical energy as possible may be used. In .15 operation the chemical rectifier has the screen or grid element 15 connected to one side of an input source of alternating current and the plate 14 connected to the opposite side of the A. C. circuit. The incoming impulse passes from the screen 15 through the solution 16 to plate 14, but does not allow a reverse flow to the screen.
由此，板13成为正电极和板14，该负极和板14接收来自两个屏幕15和板13的负电极。如说明地，屏幕15和板14可以将输入端子用于交替的C电流和板。13和14用于整流或直流的输出端子NAL。2，化学整流器可以由与当前的热原料管相当的整体尺寸，金属涂层11如果需要，金属涂层11与金属安装基座的连接连接。在实践中，构成输入到整流器的一侧的板14比形成输出的一侧的板13稍微更靠近屏幕或栅格15。
The output is more favorably intensified under these circumstances. Input and output connections to the chemical rectifier may be interchanged so long as screen or grid 15 has no output connection.
The magnetic pulsating generator of the present invention consists essentially of an electromagnetic coil 17 having a suitable laminated core 18 and adapted to have its opposite ends connected to an input source in such manner as to produce a north magnetic pole at the top of core 18. This is suitably mounted in insulated relation upon a non-magnetic base 19 which also supports electromagnet coil 20 having a core 21 collecting a south pole magnetic force at its top 22 which extends somewhat above the level of the top of core 18 of the electromagnet coil I7. An electromagnet coil 23 has a core 24 magnetically connected as at 25 to form a U-shaped core with the core 21 of coil 20, and the top end 26 of core 24 will, upon energization of the coils, become a north magnetic pole. Coils 20 and 23 are connected in parallel by conductors 21 and 28, the continuation of which forms the output portion of the device.
Mounted for oscillation above the aligned cores 18, 21 and 24 is a permanent magnet comprising an arcuate portion 29 having a normaly substantially horizontal leg 30 that extends from the top of core 18 substantially to the top of core 21. The permanent magnet has its north pole at 31 which is directly above the top of core 24 and has south 41 magnetic polarity at points 32 and 33 which are adjacent the top of cores 18 and 21, respectively.
永磁体组件以磁绝缘关系枢转地安装在34处，并且适于响应于在多个电磁铁线圈中设置的极性而在其枢转上振动。应理解，枢转安装件34应具有抗摩擦种类，以允许永磁体容易地对电磁芯的吸引和排斥作出响应。为此，为了避免由于物理振动而引起的振动，可在永磁体的弓形部分的相对端部使用非磁性材料的光维持弹簧35，或可使用任何其他容易收缩的稳定装置。磁脉冲发生器本身的工作原理如下：线圈中接收到的交变脉冲在18号磁芯的顶部交替设置南北极性。当磁芯18顶部的极性为北极变化时，永磁体的相邻部分32（为南极变化）被吸引到其上，使永磁结构在其轴上摇摆，并使端部33相对于磁芯21的端部22移动，从而引起E。M。F。在线圈20中。感应电流从线圈24的北端通过线圈7。它和点31之间的磁斥力，如果是永磁体。当输入交流脉冲的另一半在线圈I7中重新产生时，线圈0中的电流感应，从线圈24通过的电流和总输出以相反的极性重复。因此，磁脉冲发生器容易在输入线圈17中接收到非常微弱的交变脉冲，例如低至三万分之一伏特的量级，并将从输出线圈输出强度显著增大的交变电流，例如。g、 ，比输入脉冲大五到十倍。这些磁脉冲发生器与inven-1的化学整流器在电气上连续排列。如下文所解释的插入到其中的电路中的延迟使得E的逐步建立成为可能。M。F。至所需电压。当线圈17的输入为弱脉冲D时。C。变化，线圈20和24的输出将是相同的变化，但电压增加。
Fig. 1 shows a conventional radio hook-up containing two stages of radio frequency amplification, a push-pull detector, and one stage of pushpull output amplification. When a hook-up such as shown in Fig. 1 is tuned and is receiving a frequency of several hundred kilocycles at a strength of about thirty thousandths of a volt, the ultimate output voltage will be approximately twenty volts under favorable conditions. The magnetic pulsating generator serves to materially if not completely suppress static or stray impulses impressed upon the circuit due to the fact that the incoming signal representing the sound wave is of higher E. M. F. value than the back- 3:, ground or static imposed impulse. This is true because the stray impulses or static disturbances are of a generally much lower wave length and E. M. F. value and therefore do not carry through in proportional values to those of the sound waves. When a plurality of the magnetic pulsating generators are used in a radio circuit, as for example in Fig. 1, the perceptible static disturbance appears to be completely eliminated under almost all circumstances. It will be under- 4; stood of course that any stray impulses of such nature as would create arcing from the antenna to ground would not be suppressed.
In this connection it is to be understood that the magnetic pulsating generators as shown in 5 Fig. 2 may be connected in the circuit of present day radio receivers as a means of suppressing static and kindred stray disturbances. To accomplish the latter, it may be explained in a general fashion that the magnetic pulsating genera- 5: tors would be connected in series in the grounding circuit of the radio frequency and audio frequency transformers.
在图1中。如图1所示，示出了由简化形式的调谐电路，化学整流器和MAG-6'NetiC脉动发生器组成的连接，以及放大电路，调谐电路用于调整在何时接收的波said magnetic pulsating generators serve to charge the chemical rectifiers and to discharge the recti- 6′ fled E. M. F. to other parts of the set. The simplified form of magnetic pulsating generator eliminates the element corresponding to electromagnetic coil 20 of Fig. 2. These simplified magnetic pulsating generators are indicated generally as 36, 37, and 38 in Fig. 1. The operation of the device as disclosed in Fig. 1 is as follows: assuming the antenna circuit 39 to be tuned to a given wave length by variable condensers 40, 41 and 42, the direction of current y7 through the device is as follows, the alternating wave passing from primary 43 to secondary 44 passes by way of conductors 45 and 46 through coil 47 of the pulsator 36 and through the screen and plate 48 and 49, respectively, of the pair of chemical rectifiers 50 and 51 which are connected in parallel. This induces a voltage in coil 52 of the generator 36 due to the oscillation of the magnet 53. This pulsating E. M. F. passes ]u to the top of primary winding 54 of a radio frequency transformer indicated generally at 55 from which primary the current returns through ground conductor 58. This E. M. F. also passes through the chemical rectifiers 50 and 51 and Scoil 47. This forms a valving action between plates or electrodes 49 and 56. The primary 54 and secondary 57 of transformer 55 are connected to the ground wire 58 and to the plates 49 of a second pair of rectifiers 59 and 60, thus effecting a substantial duplication of the operation of the previously described radio frequency amplification save that the magnetic pulsating generator is omitted from the circuit. Plates 56 of chemical rectifiers 59 and 60 are connected to conductor 61 which leads to the primary 62 of the radio frequency detector coils. The output of secondary detector coils 63 passes through grid leak condensers 64 and 65, respectively, to the screen elements 48 of chemical rectifiers 66 and 67, respectively, and where D. C. pulsating E. M. F. is delivered through conductors 68 and 69 of the primary winding 70 of push-pull transformer 71. The return circuit to the ground from said primary coils is through conductors 72 and 73 and electromagnet coil 74 of the magnetic pulsating generator 37 which is, during the same interval, setting up an augmented D. C. pulsating E. M. F. through conductors 73 and 76 to the primaries 77 of an output push-pull transformer 78. The ground return lines from primaries 77 of the push-pull transformer 78 is through conductors 79 and 80 which are connected to plate elements 56 of a pair of chemical rectifiers 81 and 82 connected in parallel in the manner characteristically set forth in the preceding description. The output of secondary coils 83 of the push-pull transformer 78 passes by way of conductors 84 and 85 to the screen elements 48 of a pair of chemical rectifiers 86 and 87, respectively. The flow from elements 48 is through the chemical rectifiers 86 and 87 to the plates 49 thereof which are connected together by conductor 88 which leads to the bottom of colls 89 and 90 of magnetic pulsating generator 38, and ;, sets up a D. C. pulsating E. M. F. in coil 90 from whence the E. M. F. is delivered through conductor 91 to resistance output 92 This resistance is of the order of 2000 ohms on either side of its connection with the conductor 91 and the ;u E. M. F. flowing from the ends 93 and 94 of said resistance is delivered, respectively, to the plate elements 56 of the chemical rectifiers 86 and 87 from whence it flows to the plates 49 of said rectifiers and hence to the ground at 95. The en3c ergy is collected from the ends 93 and 94 of the resistance 92 in fixed condensers 96 and 97 which may be of the order of .01 microfarad and from thence to a point of utilization which in this circuit is a low resistance magnetic type loud speaker 98.
