碳原子能的嬗变 - 188网赌app,188金宝搏官网下载,188宝金博网址十多

1994年，R.Sundaresan和J.Bockris（德克萨斯州农工大学）报告说，他们观察到“水中碳棒之间电弧过程中的异常反应：

在高纯度水中对光谱纯碳棒进行碳弧处理。电弧电流在20到25A之间变化，并且断断续续地通过几个小时。原始碳中含有~2ppm的铁。C棒在距尖端>2厘米处保持凉爽。从水或周围大气中吸收铁并不是铁含量增加的原因。铁的形成与电流通过时间的相关性较弱。

“当溶解时”₂被N取代₂在溶液中，没有形成铁。因此，机制

2⁶C级₁₂+ 2⁸O₁₈=²⁶铁₅₆+²He₄

was suggested as the origin of the iron. The increase in temperature of the solution was consistent with expectation based on this reaction.”

这种变形产生的铁是不锈钢。它不容易生锈。由于它是由2个硅原子组成的，所以它对热的反应也比普通铁少得多。这种铁被命名为G.O.S.（George Ohsawa Steel），是研究这种变形的科学家们用George Ohsawa的首字母命名的。所有铁的嬗变结果都经过了仔细的检验和分析，包括：磁性检验、光谱分析、化学分析和试剂检验，并得到了权威检测机构的确认。

同样在1994年，Bhabha原子研究中心（孟买）的另一组研究人员（M.Singh等人）报告了他们“对G.Ohsawa在水中碳弧异常产铁实验的验证：

“A direct current arc was run between ultrapure graphite electrodes dipped in ultrapure water for 1-20 hours. The graphite residue collected at the bottom of the water trough was analyzed for Fe content by a conventional spectrographic method… The Fe content was fairly high, depending on the duration of the arcing… The results showed large variations in Fe content (50 to 2000 ppm) in the C residue. In the second series of experiments… with the water trough fully covered, the amount of Fe in the carbon residue decreased significantly (20-100 ppm). Here also there were large variations in the iron concentration in the residue, although the experiments were performed under identical conditions. Whether Fe is really being synthesized through transmutation from C and O as suggested by George Ohsawa or is getting concentrated to different degrees through some other phenomenon is not currently clear. The Fe in the C residue was also analyzed by mass spectroscopy for the abundance of various isotopes… Besides Fe, the presence of other elements like Si, Ni, Al, and Cr was also determined in the C residue, and it was found that the variation of their concentrations followed the same pattern as that of Fe.”

生成分子异常

Santilli’s main hypothesis for the resulting gases anomalies is that, at the time of their formation under an electric arc, gases H2, CO, CO2, O2, etc. do not have a conventional structure because the orbits of their valence electrons, and maybe also their necleus shells are mostly polarized in a plane due to the very intense magnetic field surrounding the electric arc (of the order of 10 Tesla or more). In turn, such a polarization implies the creation of strong magnetic moments, resulting in new magnetic bonds constituting magnecules.

燃料气的实验验证需要检测大量异常，这些异常可总结如下。所有这些异常都经过了实验验证。

异常1：出现意外的重MS峰。

燃料气体分子，称为magnecules，通常比给定气体中最重的分子重。因此，GC-MS中的峰以分子量大于最重分子的宏观百分比表示。根据量子化学，这些重复合物不应提供MS峰，因此构成异常。例如，通过忽略百万分之一[ppm]的重化合物，Magnegases^商标GC-MS中不应有大于CO的大峰₂分子量为44a.m.u.较重的大峰的存在将证实这一异常现象。

异常2：意外沉重峰的“未知”性质。

为提供磁粒子的初始前提，异常1的峰值应导致GC-MS计算机在其常规分子的存储库中搜索“未知”，通常包括约150000个分子。

Anomaly 3: Lack of IR signature of the “unknown” peaks.

另一个必要的条件是，异常1的“未知”峰应该没有红外信号。根据已有的证据，所有具有价键的气体都必须具有明确的红外特征[球对称分子（如氢）除外]。如果异常1的峰确实有红外特征，它们可能是由以前没有发现的新的但传统的分子组成的。任何给定气体磁团的唯一红外特征应该是组成团簇本身的常规分子和原子的红外特征。举例说明，magnecule{O2}x{O2}的唯一可容许红外特征是常规分子O-O和C-O的红外特征。

异常4：常规红外信号突变。

构成大分子的分子的红外特征预计会发生突变，因为它们的峰的形状并不是既定的。这是价电子和其他电子的轨道极化引起的另一个磁粒子异常现象。事实上，这种极化意味着轨道的空间分布与传统轨道不同，从而导致红外峰形状的变形。此外，同样的极化预期将在传统分子中产生额外的强键，这些键将作为新的红外峰出现。反过来，这种传统分子的内部突变具有深远的科学和技术意义，这一点将得到证明。

Anomaly 5: Mutation of magnecules.

虽然分子在常规温度和压力下保持其结构，但磁微粒却不是这种情况，因为磁微粒预计会随着时间发生突变，即由于其成分的变化而改变质谱峰的形状。因为我们所指的是气体，它们的成分发生了众所周知的碰撞，所以在碰撞过程中，磁微粒可以分解成不同的部分，然后这些部分可以与其他磁微粒重新结合形成新的团簇。或者，磁粒子被期望经历极化的常规原子或分子的吸积[或发射]，而不必分解成部分。因此，对于相同条件下的相同气体，异常1的峰值预计不会在足够长的时间内保持不变。

异常6：物理特征突变。

预期磁极化气体具有突变的物理特性，因为轨道的极化的非常概念意味着较小的平均分子量。然后改变其他物理特性的突变。

Anomaly 7: Anomalous adhesion.

Magnetically polarized gases are expected to have anomalous adhesion to walls of disparate nature as compared to the same unpolarized gas. This is due to the well known property that magnetism can be propagated by induction, according to which a magnetically polarized molecule with a sufficiently intense magnetic moment can induce a corresponding polarization of valence [and_or other] electrons in the atoms or molecules constituting the walls surface. Once such a polarization is created by induction, magnecules can have rather strong magnetic bonds to said walls.

异常8：通过物质的渗透性增加。

Magnetically polarized gases are expected to have anomalous absorption or penetration through other substances. This is first due to the reduction of the average molecular volume with inherent increase of permeability, as compared to the same unpolarized gas. The second reason is the magnetic induction of the preceding anomaly.